DANA Industrial Drive Shafts Catalogue

1. Specifications of cardan shafts
2. Selection by bearing life
3. Operational dependability
4. Operating angles
5. Speed
6. Length dimensions
7. Load on bearings of the connected units

1. Specifications of cardan shafts

TCS = Functional limit torque [Nm]
Up to this maximum permissible torque a load may be applied to a cardan shaft for a limited frequency without the working capability being affected by permanent deformation of any cardan shaft functional area.
Up to 1000 load changes (short time fatigue strength for finite life) are capable of being sustained with TCS. This does not result in any unpermissible effect on bearing life.

TK = Catalogue torque [Nm]
This catalogue torque is taken as the identifiable layout size. Up to this torqus the DIN/ISO recommendation 281 is to be used without restriction on the calculation of bearing life.


TDW = Fatigue torque [Nm]
At this torque the cardan shaft is permanently solid at alternating loads.
The values for cardan shafts of series 687 with welded balancing plates are lower.
With a fatigue torque of this order the transmission capacity of the flange connection must be checked.

TDSch = Permanently pulsating torque [Nm]
At this torque the cardan shaft is permanently solid at pulsating loads.


LC = Bearing capacity factor
The bearing capacity factor takes into consideration the dynamic service life Cdyn (see DIN/ISO 281) of the bearings and the joint geometry R. Ihe LC-values for the different shaft sizes are shown in the tables.
For selecting a cardan shaft the bearing life and the operating strength must be considered separately. According to the load state the fatigue torque TDW or the permanently pulsating torque TDSch must also be taken into consideration.


2. Selection by bearing life
by bearing capacity factor LC

The bearing life Lh of a cardan shaft depends an the bearing capacity factor and is based an the following formula:

If the desired bearing life Lh is given, the joint size can be calculated by the bearing capacity factor LC.

The LC-values can be taken from the tables.

LC	=	Bearing capacity factor
n	=	Operating speed []
β	=	Operating deflection angle [°]
T	=	operating torque [kNm]
K1	=	Shock factor

If operating data are based on a duty cycle, a more precise durability can be calculated.

Drives with internal combustion engines may cause torque peaks that must be considered by factor K1.

Electric motor/turbine		K1 = 1,00
Gasoline engine	4 cyl. and more	K1 = 1,15
Diesel engine	4 cyl. and more	K1 = 1,20

The values shown in the tables are general values. If a flexible coupling is used, the shock factor is lower. Principally the data of the motor and/or coupling manufacturer must be observed.


3. Operating dependability
The operating dependability can be determined if a certain duty cycle is given. The calculated service life of a cardan shaft under normal working conditions has to achieve or exceed the required service life.

Duty cycles are often not available. In this case, please contact our engineers and make use of our more than 50 years of experience as a manufacturer of cardan shafts. We will provide an optimal selection.

Our calculations are based on the normal operating torque T and the maximum torque TSP that may occur.

The maximum operating torque is determined according to the kind of operation and the type or torque and should be lower than the corresponding torques TDSch and TDW.

Typical types of torques:
Pulsating stress

Alternating stress


The maximum torque TSP is determined by the nominal torque of the driving machine and the corresponding start factor or the service factor K of the working machine.

This maximum torque (TSP) should not exceed the catalogue torque TK of the cardan shaft.

Service factor K
The service factors shown in the following table should be used as approximate values only

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